The Outside Passed Pawn
The outside passed pawn is a devastating endgame weapon. It acts as a decoy: the opponent's king must chase it across the board, leaving the other flank undefended. Meanwhile, your king invades and collects pawns. This single concept wins more K+P endgames than any other.
How it works
In K+P endgames, an outside passed pawn, one far from the main pawn mass, creates a diversion. The opponent must send their king to stop it. While the king is away, your king enters the other side and wins the remaining pawns. This is the classic "two weaknesses" concept applied to endgames.
Creating one
Trade pawns on the wing where you have a majority. If you have 3 vs 2 on the queenside, exchange one pair to create an outside passer. Then advance it, forcing the opponent's king to deal with it. See passed pawns guide.
Training
Set up K+P endgames with an outside passed pawn against the computer. Practise the technique until automatic.