The Legall Mate

Legall de Kermeur vs Saint Brie
⚙ Stockfish 18 · depth 16 White 99.7% Black 67.1%
♞
Saint Brie
Black
♘
Legall de Kermeur
White
Moves Legends
1.2.3.4.5.6.7. 1-0
Raw PGN
[Event "Casual game, Paris"]
[Site "Paris FRA"]
[Date "1750.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Legall de Kermeur"]
[Black "Saint Brie"]
[Result "1-0"]

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 d6 3.Bc4 Bg4 4.Nc3 g6 5.Nxe5 Bxd1 6.Bxf7+ Ke7 7.Nd5# 1-0

The Story

The oldest recorded trap in chess, played at the Café de la Régence around 1750 by Legall de Kermeur — the strongest player in Paris and the teacher of Philidor. Black sees the "free" queen on d1 and grabs it; three white minor pieces deliver mate two moves later.

The pattern — knight takes e5 offering the queen, bishop check on f7, knight mate on d5 — has caught club players for 275 years and counting. It is the first thing this archive teaches for a reason: development is worth more than material, and an unprotected king pays immediately.